SMi Source Lesson Mechanical Ventilation: Practice

  • SMi Source lesson Mechanical Ventilation: Practice has the following microlearning topics

  • 1. Indications for Mechanical Ventilation

    2. Mechanical Ventilation: Ventilator Parameters

    3. Methods of Mechanical Ventilation

    4. Advanced Modes of Operation

    5. Troubleshooting Mechanical Ventilation

    6. Adjunct Therapies

    7. Complications

    8. Weaning and Extubation

  • Lesson Mechanical Ventilation: Practice teaches these concepts

  • Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation, Respiratory Failure

    Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation, Respiratory Failure (Review)

    Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation, CNS: Sleep Apnea

    Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation, CNS: Decreased Level of Consciousness

    Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation, CNS: Respiratory Muscle Fatigue

    Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation, CNS: Inadequate Oxygenation

    Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation, Cardiac Insufficiency

    Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation, Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency

    Mechanical Ventilation: Practice, Indications for Mechanical Ventilation

  • Lesson Mechanical Ventilation: Practice addresses these key points

  • Respiratory Failure

    • Inadequate ventilation or oxygenation
    • Indication for mechanical ventilation
    • Can either be acute or chronic
    • Mechanical ventilation therapy may be required prior to obtaining blood gas analysis to confirm respiratory failure

    Breathing abnormalities that can result in decreased ventilation and/or oxygenation 

    • Ventilation without perfusion (dead space ventilation)
    • Diffusion abnormality
    • Perfusion without ventilation (shunting)
    • Hypoventilation

    In neonates:

    • Central nervous system not fully developed
    • Can contribute to irregular breathing and apnea 
      • Can in turn lead to acute episodes of inadequate ventilation

    Decreased Level of Consciousness

    • Traumatic injury of the central nervous system
    • Drowning or metabolic dysfunction

    End result:

    • Lack of control of respiration
    • Decreased ventilation and oxygenation
    • Requirement for mechanical ventilation

    CNS: Respiratory Muscle Fatigue

    • More common in pediatric patients
    • Occurs during muscle weakness, hypermetabolic states or chronic lung disease
    • Depleted ATP stores

    CNS: Inadequate Oxygenation

    • Respiratory disease
    • Pneumonia

    Cardiac Insufficiency

    • Work required for breathing decreased
    • Oxygen consumption by the heart reduced

    Chronic Respiratory Insufficiency

    • Failure to thrive can occur due to congenital conditions
    • Mechanical ventilation may occasionally be needed by these children

    Mechanical Ventilation

    • Respiratory distress 
    • Respiratory failure
  • Lesson Mechanical Ventilation: Practice is built from these main references. Log into SMi Source for a complete list and details.

  • Manual of Pediatric Critical Care, Mary Fran Hazinski, 1999

    AACN Procedure Manual for Critical Care, Fifth Ed. Wiegand and Carlson, 2005

    Essentials of Pediatric Intensive Care, Daniel L. Levin and Frances C. Morriss, 1990